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隨著城(cheng)(cheng)市化進程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)推進，城(cheng)(cheng)鎮用水(shui)人(ren)口(kou)不(bu)斷增加，對供水(shui)能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求也(ye)(ye)在逐步提升。城(cheng)(cheng)鎮供水(shui)也(ye)(ye)稱城(cheng)(cheng)市供水(shui)。城(cheng)(cheng)鎮供水(shui)是現代(dai)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎設施，是城(cheng)(cheng)鎮建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組成(cheng)部(bu)分。它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務是保證城(cheng)(cheng)鎮居民、工商(shang)企業(ye)(ye)、交(jiao)通運輸、公用事(shi)業(ye)(ye)、消(xiao)防(fang)、環衛等(deng)各(ge)種用水(shui)，做(zuo)到(dao)經濟(ji)合(he)理，安全可靠(kao)地滿足(zu)各(ge)方面在水(shui)量、水(shui)質和水(shui)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常需要(yao)。它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)這些任(ren)務主要(yao)由公共供水(shui)系統(tong)自來水(shui)企業(ye)(ye)來完成(cheng)。部(bu)分工業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)由于生產用水(shui)量大，對水(shui)質要(yao)求不(bu)高，或遠(yuan)離城(cheng)(cheng)鎮自來水(shui)管網的(de)(de)(de)(de)自供水(shui)系統(tong)，有時也(ye)(ye)屬(shu)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮供水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范疇。

城市供水行業市場發展現狀分析

隨著我國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化(hua)的不(bu)斷推進，城(cheng)(cheng)鎮用(yong)水(shui)(shui)人(ren)口不(bu)斷增加(jia)。2016年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)2020年(nian)(nian)，我國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮用(yong)水(shui)(shui)人(ren)口從8.0億(yi)人(ren)增加(jia)到(dao)8.7億(yi)人(ren)。城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化(hua)進程的推進也推動我國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮用(yong)水(shui)(shui)需求逐年(nian)(nian)增長，2016年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)2020年(nian)(nian)，我國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮用(yong)水(shui)(shui)總量(liang)從833.7億(yi)立方(fang)米(mi)增加(jia)至(zhi)907.3億(yi)立方(fang)米(mi)，年(nian)(nian)均復(fu)合增長2.14%。近年(nian)(nian)來，我國(guo)經濟高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展步伐明顯加(jia)快，對(dui)于(yu)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)行業來說，供(gong)水(shui)(shui)服(fu)務已經不(bu)滿足(zu)于(yu)聚(ju)焦于(yu)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)、水(shui)(shui)量(liang)等最基本的服(fu)務保障。如何滿足(zu)人(ren)民對(dui)于(yu)美好的感知，成為行業高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展的核(he)心內容。

數據顯示，2018年(nian)至2020年(nian)，我國城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)供水(shui)總(zong)量分別為614.6億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)方米(mi)、628.3億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)方米(mi)和629.5億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)方米(mi)，其中生(sheng)活用水(shui)占比(bi)最高。同(tong)時，隨著各地政府(fu)部門強化地下水(shui)禁采限采管(guan)理，我國城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)供水(shui)需求也將保持繼續增(zeng)長(chang)態勢(shi)。2021年(nian)，全國城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)供水(shui)總(zong)量673.34億(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)方米(mi)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)6.96%;城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)供水(shui)管(guan)道(dao)長(chang)度105.99萬公里(li)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)5.26%。

2022年(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)(guo)城(cheng)市(shi)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)總(zong)量(liang)674.41億(yi)立方米，同比增長(chang)0.16%;城(cheng)市(shi)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管道(dao)長(chang)度(du)110.30萬公(gong)里，同比增長(chang)4.06%;人(ren)均(jun)日生(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)184.73升，比2021年(nian)(nian)減少0.30升;供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)普(pu)及率99.39%，比2021年(nian)(nian)增加(jia)0.01個(ge)百分點。隨著全國(guo)(guo)城(cheng)鎮化建設(she)和農村供(gong)(gong)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)施建設(she)的推(tui)進，工業化進程的不斷加(jia)快，供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和排水(shui)(shui)(shui)企業作為居民生(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和工業生(sheng)產(chan)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的上下游(you)處理環(huan)節(jie)，行業整體規模將(jiang)隨之擴大。

2022年(nian)全國(guo)水(shui)(shui)利工作會議(yi)提出，將(jiang)加(jia)快農村供(gong)水(shui)(shui)工程(cheng)改造提升，2022年(nian)底(di)我國(guo)農村自來(lai)水(shui)(shui)普及率達85%。進(jin)一(yi)步推進(jin)城鄉供(gong)水(shui)(shui)一(yi)體(ti)化、農村供(gong)水(shui)(shui)規(gui)模化發展及小型供(gong)水(shui)(shui)工程(cheng)標(biao)準(zhun)化改造。2022年(nian)9月，住房和城鄉建設部辦公廳、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)發展改革委辦公廳、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)疾(ji)病預防控制局(ju)綜合司發布關(guan)于加(jia)強(qiang)城市(shi)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)安全保障(zhang)工作的(de)通知，自2023年(nian)4月1日(ri)起，城市(shi)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)全面執行《生活飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)衛生標(biao)準(zhun)》(GB 5749-2022);到2025年(nian)，建立較為完善(shan)的(de)城市(shi)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)全流程(cheng)保障(zhang)體(ti)系(xi)和基本健(jian)全的(de)城市(shi)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)應急(ji)體(ti)系(xi)。

城市供水行業未來發展空間及前景預測

《“十四五”新型城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化實施方案》提出，到2025年(nian)農村自(zi)來(lai)(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)普及(ji)率(lv)將(jiang)提高到88%，有(you)條件(jian)的地區推進(jin)(jin)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一體化、推進(jin)(jin)市(shi)政公共設(she)施智慧化改造、增加智能水(shui)(shui)(shui)務與終端等。未來(lai)(lai)，農村供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、城(cheng)(cheng)鄉供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一體化及(ji)智慧水(shui)(shui)(shui)務建設(she)將(jiang)是自(zi)來(lai)(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)生產和(he)(he)供(gong)(gong)應行業重要發展方向。隨著城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)化進(jin)(jin)程的不斷推進(jin)(jin)，城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)施和(he)(he)規劃逐步(bu)完善和(he)(he)成熟，城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)的供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)場發展潛力已基本(ben)開發完全。相(xiang)比之(zhi)下(xia)，縣城(cheng)(cheng)的供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)場仍(reng)有(you)相(xiang)當的發展空(kong)間(jian)。目前來(lai)(lai)看(kan)，傳(chuan)統(tong)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)場趨于飽和(he)(he)，農村及(ji)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一體化市(shi)場仍(reng)然具有(you)較大發展空(kong)間(jian)。

隨著物(wu)聯(lian)網(IoT)、大數據和人工智能(AI)等(deng)技術的(de)(de)不斷進步，城市供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統(tong)將逐步實(shi)現智能化管理(li)。這包括(kuo)通過傳(chuan)感器實(shi)時監控水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓等(deng)關(guan)鍵參數，以(yi)及通過數據分(fen)析優(you)化水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源分(fen)配、預測(ce)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)需求等(deng)。智慧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)務(wu)將成為行業發展的(de)(de)重(zhong)要方向，推動供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設施的(de)(de)智能化改造和升(sheng)級，提(ti)高供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)自動化水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平和運行效(xiao)率。

在自(zi)來水(shui)處(chu)理和(he)輸送過程中，采用節能(neng)技(ji)術和(he)設(she)備，減少能(neng)源消耗和(he)溫室(shi)氣體排放，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)成為行業的(de)(de)重要趨(qu)(qu)勢(shi)。海水(shui)淡化(hua)等新技(ji)術的(de)(de)發(fa)展，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)為城市供(gong)(gong)水(shui)市場(chang)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)新的(de)(de)水(shui)源，同時提(ti)高能(neng)源效率和(he)降低(di)成本(ben)是該領域的(de)(de)重要趨(qu)(qu)勢(shi)。城市供(gong)(gong)水(shui)市場(chang)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)進一步開放，引入(ru)更多的(de)(de)市場(chang)參與者，推動市場(chang)競爭和(he)服務(wu)質量的(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng)。市場(chang)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)呈現多元化(hua)的(de)(de)發(fa)展趨(qu)(qu)勢(shi)，包(bao)括供(gong)(gong)水(shui)服務(wu)、水(shui)處(chu)理設(she)備供(gong)(gong)應、管網(wang)建設(she)和(he)維護(hu)等多個領域。

隨著(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)進程的(de)(de)加快(kuai)和人口(kou)增(zeng)長，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)持(chi)續增(zeng)加，市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)規模將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)持(chi)續增(zeng)長。預計未來(lai)幾(ji)年，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)行業(ye)(ye)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)規模將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)以年均復(fu)合(he)(he)增(zeng)長率(lv)(CAGR)約(yue)8%的(de)(de)速度增(zeng)長。技(ji)(ji)術(shu)創新(xin)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)為(wei)推動(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)驅動(dong)力(li)。新(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)提高供水(shui)(shui)(shui)效(xiao)率(lv)、改(gai)善供水(shui)(shui)(shui)質量，并降低供水(shui)(shui)(shui)成(cheng)本。例如，智(zhi)能水(shui)(shui)(shui)表、遠程監測、智(zhi)能調度等(deng)(deng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)助力(li)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)企業(ye)(ye)實現精細化(hua)管理(li)。面對水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源分(fen)布(bu)不均的(de)(de)問題(ti)，跨區域甚(shen)至跨國界的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源管理(li)和調配項目將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)變得越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)重要(yao)。區域合(he)(he)作與協同(tong)(tong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)重要(yao)趨勢之一。總之，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)行業(ye)(ye)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)未來(lai)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)呈現智(zhi)能化(hua)、環保(bao)化(hua)、資(zi)源節約(yue)化(hua)、市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua)與多元化(hua)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)趨勢。同(tong)(tong)時，技(ji)(ji)術(shu)創新(xin)、政策支(zhi)持(chi)、區域合(he)(he)作等(deng)(deng)因素將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)推動(dong)行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)持(chi)續健康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。