2020中國城市人才吸引力報告:滬深京居前三
時間(jian):2020-05-07 17:31:00 閱讀:3502 整理:深圳市場調查公司
文:熊柴 周哲 任澤平
智聯(lian)招(zhao)聘課(ke)題組專家 李強 王(wang)一新 周培 李小(xiao)麗
北京大學(xue)黃玉致、倫敦大學(xue)學(xue)院閆婧對(dui)本文有貢獻(xian)
【導讀】
人(ren)口是(shi)一(yi)切(qie)經(jing)濟社會活動(dong)的基礎,人(ren)才更是(shi)第(di)一(yi)資源。我(wo)(wo)們提出(chu)(chu)“房地產長期(qi)看(kan)人(ren)口、中期(qi)看(kan)土地、短期(qi)看(kan)金(jin)融(rong)”,成(cheng)為業(ye)(ye)內廣(guang)為采用的經(jing)典分析框架,人(ren)口人(ren)才是(shi)區域經(jing)濟和各行各業(ye)(ye)興衰的根(gen)基。我(wo)(wo)們在前期(qi)系列報告中提出(chu)(chu)“人(ren)隨產業(ye)(ye)走、人(ren)往高處走”的邏輯,指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)人(ren)口正持(chi)續向大(da)城市(shi)及大(da)都市(shi)圈集聚(ju)。隨著人(ren)口紅利消逝、人(ren)才價值日益凸顯,恒大(da)研究院和智聯(lian)招聘(pin)聯(lian)合推出(chu)(chu)“中國城市(shi)人(ren)才吸引力排名”報告,以期(qi)準確把握人(ren)才流動(dong)趨勢。
【摘要】
數據(ju)說明(ming):通過跨(kua)城(cheng)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)數據(ju)解密(mi)人(ren)才流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)趨勢(shi)。智(zhi)聯(lian)招聘擁有(you)(you)約2億(yi)用戶(hu),日(ri)均活躍用戶(hu)數約630萬;其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)85%為(wei)專科及(ji)(ji)以上學歷,遠超全國(guo)就業人(ren)口總(zong)(zong)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)14.6%。在求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)者(zhe)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約四成為(wei)流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)跨(kua)城(cheng)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)者(zhe)。人(ren)才求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)和跨(kua)城(cheng)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)具有(you)(you)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)月(yue)度波動(dong)(dong)(dong)性,高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)均在春節后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)3月(yue)。從(cong)性別看(kan)(kan),2019年(nian)(nian)流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)才中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)男性占60%,明(ming)顯高(gao)(gao)于(yu)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)總(zong)(zong)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)54%,男性更(geng)有(you)(you)可能跨(kua)城(cheng)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi);從(cong)年(nian)(nian)齡看(kan)(kan),流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)才中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)超8成為(wei)18-35歲;從(cong)學歷看(kan)(kan),流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)才中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)52%為(wei)本(ben)科及(ji)(ji)以上,明(ming)顯高(gao)(gao)于(yu)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)總(zong)(zong)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)37%,高(gao)(gao)學歷更(geng)有(you)(you)可能跨(kua)城(cheng)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi);從(cong)工作年(nian)(nian)限看(kan)(kan),流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)才中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)46%工作5年(nian)(nian)及(ji)(ji)以下,高(gao)(gao)于(yu)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)總(zong)(zong)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)44%,職(zhi)場新人(ren)更(geng)有(you)(you)可能跨(kua)城(cheng)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi);從(cong)工資水平(ping)看(kan)(kan),流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)才中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)45%月(yue)收(shou)入(ru)超6000元,明(ming)顯高(gao)(gao)于(yu)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)總(zong)(zong)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)40%,收(shou)入(ru)較高(gao)(gao)者(zhe)更(geng)有(you)(you)可能跨(kua)城(cheng)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi);從(cong)行(xing)業看(kan)(kan),流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)才中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)51%分布在IT、房地產(chan)、制造業,高(gao)(gao)于(yu)求(qiu)(qiu)職(zhi)人(ren)才總(zong)(zong)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)48%。
榜單概覽(lan):上(shang)海(hai)連續(xu)(xu)3年成(cheng)為(wei)最具(ju)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)力(li)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)。1)中國最具(ju)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)力(li)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)100強(qiang):滬(hu)深(shen)(shen)京(jing)(jing)居前(qian)三。為(wei)衡量不同城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)力(li),定義人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)力(li)指數(shu)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)、應(ying)(ying)屆(jie)生(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)、海(hai)歸人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)的(de)(de)加權結果(guo)。其中,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)和(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)反(fan)映(ying)該城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)得來和(he)留(liu)得住的(de)(de)能力(li),應(ying)(ying)屆(jie)生(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)和(he)海(hai)歸人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)反(fan)映(ying)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)對年輕高學歷人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)和(he)海(hai)歸高學歷人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)力(li)。從(cong)結果(guo)看,2019年上(shang)海(hai)、深(shen)(shen)圳(zhen)、北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)位居前(qian)三名,上(shang)海(hai)自(zi)2017年起連續(xu)(xu)三年第一(yi),廣(guang)州(zhou)、杭州(zhou)、南(nan)京(jing)(jing)、成(cheng)都、濟南(nan)、蘇州(zhou)、天津位居前(qian)十。2019年應(ying)(ying)屆(jie)生(sheng)和(he)海(hai)歸人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向北(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)深(shen)(shen)廣(guang)的(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)24.5%、28.7%,均高于流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向北(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)廣(guang)深(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)20.2%,應(ying)(ying)屆(jie)生(sheng)和(he)海(hai)歸更傾(qing)向往一(yi)二(er)線(xian)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)。2)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動趨勢:長(chang)三角(jiao)珠(zhu)三角(jiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)集聚、京(jing)(jing)津冀(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu)。分(fen)地區看,2019年東(dong)部(bu)、中部(bu)、西(xi)部(bu)、東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)5.8%、-2.4%、-0.2%、-3.2%,東(dong)部(bu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)持續(xu)(xu)集聚,中西(xi)部(bu)持續(xu)(xu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu)但有所收窄,東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)持續(xu)(xu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu)且(qie)幅度(du)擴大。分(fen)線(xian)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)看,2019年一(yi)線(xian)、二(er)線(xian)、三線(xian)、四線(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)-2.7%、1.1%、1.8%、-0.3%,2018年分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)-0.9%、4.9%、-0.3%、-2.3%;結合(he)近4年數(shu)據觀(guan)察(cha),一(yi)線(xian)因(yin)京(jing)(jing)滬(hu)控(kong)(kong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)持續(xu)(xu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu),二(er)線(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)持續(xu)(xu)集聚,三線(xian)較(jiao)為(wei)平衡,四線(xian)持續(xu)(xu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu)。分(fen)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)群看,超6成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向五(wu)大城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)群,2019年長(chang)三角(jiao)、珠(zhu)三角(jiao)、京(jing)(jing)津冀(ji)(ji)、成(cheng)渝、長(chang)江中游(you)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)群人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)23%、14%、13%、7%、7%,凈流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)5.0%、2.8%、-4.0%、0.0%、-0.5%,長(chang)三角(jiao)、珠(zhu)三角(jiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)集聚,京(jing)(jing)津冀(ji)(ji)受北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)控(kong)(kong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)影響人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu),成(cheng)渝和(he)長(chang)江中游(you)基本(ben)平衡。
重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi):深(shen)(shen)(shen)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)杭(hang)寧(ning)渝漢(han)(han)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)逐(zhu)(zhu)漸上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。1)一線城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi):北(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)逐(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)、深(shen)(shen)(shen)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)呈上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)趨勢(shi)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)-0.7%、-2.3%、-2.7%、-3.9%,持續(xu)為(wei)(wei)負且(qie)降(jiang)(jiang)幅(fu)擴大,主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)嚴控(kong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口、疏解(jie)產(chan)業,北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)和(he)上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)互為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)外(wai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)第(di)(di)(di)一目(mu)標城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi),北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)、上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)0.8%、0.6%,人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)從北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai);上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)1.3%、1.2%、0.9%、0.5%,持續(xu)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)但逐(zhu)(zhu)漸下降(jiang)(jiang),主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)控(kong)制(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口及產(chan)業轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移;深(shen)(shen)(shen)圳2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)-0.2%、0.1%、0.4%、0.2%,主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)深(shen)(shen)(shen)圳活力強、人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)政(zheng)策(ce)吸引力大;深(shen)(shen)(shen)圳和(he)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)互為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)外(wai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)第(di)(di)(di)一目(mu)標城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi),深(shen)(shen)(shen)圳流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)和(he)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)深(shen)(shen)(shen)圳的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)出(chu)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)0.7%、0.6%,規模(mo)基本平衡(heng);廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)0.3%、0.5%、0.5%、0.6%,持續(xu)穩定凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru),主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)速(su)度(du)較快(kuai)、生活成(cheng)(cheng)本在(zai)一線城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)中最低。2)二(er)線城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi):杭(hang)寧(ning)渝漢(han)(han)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)呈上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)趨勢(shi),津蓉(rong)有(you)所下降(jiang)(jiang)。杭(hang)州(zhou)(zhou)2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)0.8%、1.0%、1.2%、1.4%,始(shi)終為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)且(qie)逐(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)(nian)攀升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)杭(hang)州(zhou)(zhou)以電商為(wei)(wei)代表的(de)產(chan)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)迅速(su)、薪(xin)(xin)酬(chou)超越廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)在(zai)十大城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)中位列第(di)(di)(di)四(si);南京(jing)(jing)2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)0.8%、0.9%、0.9%、0.9%,始(shi)終為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)且(qie)比(bi)較穩定,主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)南京(jing)(jing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)速(su)度(du)較快(kuai)且(qie)2018年(nian)(nian)“寧(ning)聚計劃”實施吸引人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai);重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)-0.1%、-0.1%、0.5%、0.3%,2018年(nian)(nian)由(you)負轉(zhuan)(zhuan)正(zheng)(zheng)主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)信息技術產(chan)業等發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)吸引人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai);武漢(han)(han)2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)-0.3%、0.0%、0.8%、0.1%,2017年(nian)(nian)由(you)負轉(zhuan)(zhuan)正(zheng)(zheng),主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)2017年(nian)(nian)“百萬大學生留(liu)漢(han)(han)”政(zheng)策(ce)實施;天津2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)0.2%、0.1%、-0.1%、-0.1%,逐(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)且(qie)2018年(nian)(nian)由(you)正(zheng)(zheng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)負,主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)天津發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)速(su)度(du)放(fang)緩(huan)、2019年(nian)(nian)GDP增速(su)5.3%在(zai)十城(cheng)中最低、且(qie)薪(xin)(xin)資在(zai)十城(cheng)中最低;成(cheng)(cheng)都2016-2019年(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)-0.8%、-0.3%、-0.3%、-0.6%,始(shi)終為(wei)(wei)負,主(zhu)(zhu)因(yin)(yin)薪(xin)(xin)資水平較低,重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)與(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)都互為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)外(wai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)第(di)(di)(di)一目(mu)標城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi),人(ren)(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)(cai)從成(cheng)(cheng)都凈(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)。
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